How to Troubleshoot and Air Compressor That Won't Start

When your air compressor stops working properly, it can quickly disrupt production. Before calling for repairs, there are several quick checks you can perform to troubleshoot your air compressor. This guide covers the most frequent air compressor issues and what to look for—so you can get your system back up and running fast.

Why Won’t My Air Compressor Start?

If pressing the start button doesn’t produce any results, there may be an electrical issue or a tripped safety device. Check the following:

System display for errors
Power supply and fuses
Wiring system for incorrect connections
Temperature shutdown switch
Motor starter overload heaters
Oil level

Why Does My Compressor Start but Shut Off Quickly?

If your compressor runs for only a short time, it’s possible it’s overheating. Check the following:

Discharge temperature switch setting
Oil level, oil cooler and oil filter
Thermostatic mixing valve (for rotary screw compressors)
Temperature shutdown switch
Motor starter overload heaters
Room ventilation and ambient air temperatures

Why Is My Air Compressor Making So Much Noise?

If your compressor is making loud noises, it’s likely that a part is loose, damaged, or worn out. Check the following:

Loose bolts, belts, flywheel/pulley, drive coupling
Compressor floor mounting issues
Low oil level
Main or connecting rod bearing issues (for reciprocating compressors)
Main bearing issues (for rotary screw compressors)

Why Is My Compressor Using Too Much Oil?

If your compressor is using an excessive amount of oil, there is probably a leak. Check the following:

Clogged, broken, or loose oil return line (for rotary screw compressors)
Leaks in the drain valve/plug or shaft seal
Ruptured air/oil separator element (for rotary screw compressors)
Worn piston rings/cylinders (for reciprocating compressors)

Why Is My Air Compressor Not Building Enough Pressure?

If the compressor can’t seem to keep up with the pressure required to run a tool or complete a task, first check for air leaks in the hose or piping. Then check the following:

Inlet valve to make sure it’s not restricted or broken
Air leaks downstream
Improperly adjusted controls
Air filter to be cleaned or replaced
Belts to be tightened (if applicable)

Safety Reminder Before Troubleshooting Your Air Compressor

Always follow safety procedures before you troubleshoot your air compressor:

Turn off and disconnect power before inspecting.
Use proper Lock Out / Tag Out methods.
Depressurize the system before removing parts or opening lines.

Never attempt electrical repairs without training—safety first. If you are experiencing a serious compressor issue or are unable to diagnose the problem, contact Air Energy.